Energy and Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave., Tehran, Iran
10.22060/aest.2025.5948
Abstract
Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are emerging as a flexible, scalable, and potentially cost-effective alternative to conventional large nuclear plants. Characterized by modular construction, compact size, and advanced passive safety systems, SMRs are suitable for regions with limited grid capacity or decentralized energy needs. Their applications extend beyond electricity generation to industrial process heat, desalination, hydrogen production, and marine propulsion, highlighting their potential contribution to global decarbonization and energy transition goals. Economically, SMRs offer reduced upfront capital costs and shorter construction schedules due to modular fabrication, though uncertainties remain regarding long-term competitiveness with large reactors and renewable energy systems. Successful deployment will depend on regulatory frameworks, supply chain readiness, and public acceptance. Global development initiatives such as NuScale (U.S.), SMART (South Korea), RITM (Russia), and CAREM (Argentina) demonstrate technological progress and diverse regional strategies. Overall, SMRs present a promising pathway toward safe, reliable, and low-carbon energy systems, capable of supporting sustainable and resilient energy infrastructures worldwide.
Ganjaroodi, S. Z. and Fani, M. (2025). Small modular reactors; A comprehensive review of applications, economic viability, and technology. Advances in Energy Sciences and Technologies, 1(3), 280-293. doi: 10.22060/aest.2025.5948
MLA
Ganjaroodi, S. Z. , and Fani, M. . "Small modular reactors; A comprehensive review of applications, economic viability, and technology", Advances in Energy Sciences and Technologies, 1, 3, 2025, 280-293. doi: 10.22060/aest.2025.5948
HARVARD
Ganjaroodi, S. Z., Fani, M. (2025). 'Small modular reactors; A comprehensive review of applications, economic viability, and technology', Advances in Energy Sciences and Technologies, 1(3), pp. 280-293. doi: 10.22060/aest.2025.5948
CHICAGO
S. Z. Ganjaroodi and M. Fani, "Small modular reactors; A comprehensive review of applications, economic viability, and technology," Advances in Energy Sciences and Technologies, 1 3 (2025): 280-293, doi: 10.22060/aest.2025.5948
VANCOUVER
Ganjaroodi, S. Z., Fani, M. Small modular reactors; A comprehensive review of applications, economic viability, and technology. Advances in Energy Sciences and Technologies, 2025; 1(3): 280-293. doi: 10.22060/aest.2025.5948
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